| Ruth Sawyer | 1880–1970 | 1 |
| Jessie Margaret Edmondston Saxby | 1842–1940 | 1 |
| A. H. (Archibald Henry) Sayce | 1845–1933 | 12 |
| H. L. (Harry Lincoln) Sayler | 1863–1913 | 2 |
| Dorothy Scarborough | 1878–1935 | 1 |
| Paul Scarron | 1610–1660 | 1 |
| Gasparo Scaruffi | 1519–1584 | 1 |
| R. F. (Rudolph Frederick) Schabelitz | born 1884 | 1 |
| Adolf Friedrich von Schack | 1815–1894 | 1 |
| Richard D. (Richard Donald) Schafer | 1918–2014 | 1 |
| Henninge Margrethe Krohn Schanche | born 1861 | 1 |
| Benjamin Franklin Schappelle | born 1885 | 1 |
| Mary Scharlieb | 1845–1930 | 1 |
| C. Th. (Carel Theodorus) Scharten | 1878–1950 | 1 |
| M. (Margo Sybranda Everdina) Scharten-Antink | 1868–1957 | 1 |
| A. F. (Adolphus Frederick) Schauffler | 1845–1919 | 1 |
| Robert Haven Schauffler | 1879–1964 | 4 |
| Max Scheler | 1874–1928 | 1 |
| George Schelling | born 1938 | 6 |
| Frederic Schenck | 1887–1919 | 1 |
| Emil Schering | 1873–1951 | 1 |
| G. V. (Giovanni Virginio) Schiaparelli | 1835–1910 | 2 |
| Anton Schiefner | 1817–1879 | 1 |
| Theodor Schiemann | 1847–1921 | 1 |
| F. C. S. (Ferdinand Canning Scott) Schiller | 1864–1937 | 1 |
| Friedrich Schiller | 1759–1805 | 45 |
| A. F. W. (Andreas Franz Wilhelm) Schimper | 1856–1901 | 1 |
| Lieuwe Schipper | 1808–1870 | 1 |
| August Wilhelm von Schlegel | 1767–1845 | 7 |
| Friedrich von Schlegel | 1772–1829 | — |
| Carl Ludwig Schleich | 1859–1922 | 1 |
| Ulrich von Schlippenbach | 1774–1826 | 1 |
| Christoph von Schmid | 1768–1854 | 3 |
| Heinrich Alfred Schmid | 1863–1951 | 1 |
| Rudolf Schmid | 1828–1907 | 1 |
| James H. Schmitz | 1911–1981 | 4 |
| Leonhard Schmitz | 1807–1890 | 1 |
| B. M. (Beale Melanchthon) Schmucker | 1827–1888 | 1 |
| S. S. (Samuel Simon) Schmucker | 1799–1873 | 1 |
| Arthur Schnitzler | 1862–1931 | 6 |
| John Schoenherr | 1935–2010 | 15 |
| Otto Schoenrich | born 1876 | 1 |
| John McAllister Schofield | 1831–1906 | 1 |
| Johannes Henricus Scholten | 1811–1885 | 1 |
| Henry Rowe Schoolcraft | 1793–1864 | 2 |
| P. C. (Pieter Cornelis) Schoonees | 1891–1970 | 1 |
| Oliver Schoonmaker | 1882–1968 | 1 |
| Frank E. Schoonover | 1877–1972 | 4 |
| Arthur Schopenhauer | 1788–1860 | 8 |
| Johanna Schopenhauer | 1766–1838 | 1 |
| Schreiber, Charlotte, Lady | 1812–1895 | 4 |
| Olive Schreiner | 1855–1920 | 6 |
| Jos. Schrijnen | 1869–1937 | 1 |
| John Frederick Schroeder | 1800–1857 | 1 |
| Gustaf Schröder | 1824–1912 | 1 |
| Hermann Schubert | 1848–1911 | 2 |
| Théophile Schuler | 1821–1878 | 1 |
| Bruno Schulz | 1892–1942 | 1 |
| Arthur Schurig | 1870–1929 | 2 |
| Jacob Gould Schurman | 1854–1942 | 1 |
| Carl Schurz | 1829–1906 | 3 |
| Edgar Schuster | 1879–1969 | 1 |
| Gustav Albert Schwalbe | 1844–1916 | — |
| Winn Schwartau | born 1952 | 1 |
| Julia Augusta Schwartz | 1873–1957 | 1 |
| Adolf Schwayer | 1858–1922 | 1 |
| Marcel Schwob | 1867–1905 | 1 |
| Frans von Schéele | 1853–1931 | 1 |
| Clinton Scollard | 1860–1932 | 1 |
| Duncan Campbell Scott | 1862–1947 | 1 |
| Emmett J. (Emmett Jay) Scott | 1873–1957 | 1 |
| Scott, Ernest, Sir | 1868–1939 | 3 |
| Evelyn Scott | 1893–1963 | 1 |
| Fred Newton Scott | 1860–1931 | 1 |
| Frederick George Scott | 1861–1944 | 1 |
| John Reed Scott | 1869–1942 | 3 |
| Jonathan Scott | 1754–1829 | 5 |
| Leader Scott | 1837–1902 | 2 |
| Leroy Scott | 1875–1929 | 2 |
| Michael Scott | 1789–1835 | 1 |